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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SANHEDRIN INSTITUTION AS A FORM OF COLLEGIAL DECISION-MAKING IN MATTERS OF FAITH IN THE ISRAELI COMMUNITY
Abstract
In the ancient Israel the institution of the Sanhedrin was developed which in the 1st century C.E. consisted of 71 members representing mainly the two religious and political parties, the Sadducees and the Pharisees. The process of developing the institution of the Sanhedrin was determined by the political situation in Israel. We can look for the genesis of this institution in the models of the Hellenistic world. The decisions of the Sanhedrin, although directly concerned with religious life, they influenced on the way in which political power was exercised. Eventually, the community of Israel after the revolt of 66-70 C.E. was dispersed, but the institution of the Sanhedrin was restored in Jawne (Jamnia) by the charismatic Rabbi Johanan ben Zakkai, and the decisions worked out in a collegial manner allowed Judaism to be revived without the operation of the ritual of Temple and developed into the 21st century.
Keywords:
the community of Israel, Sanhedrin, Sadducees, Pharisees, Torah, faith, political power, collegiality.Most read articles by the same author(s)
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