Published : 2024-12-31

Freedom and Social Life

Michał Wojciechowski



Abstract

The notion of freedom is notoriously difficult. In the ancient Greece it meant first being free and not a slave, next being free to participate in the politics of a free democratic city-state, next an internal freedom. It implies human freedom of choice (liberum arbitrium). Freedom should not be misused to justify evil (Stoics and the New Testament). Freedom consists not only in acting according to one's will (Aristotle, Cicero), but rather in having free access to various goods (Montesquieu). Moral principles mark the field for freedom. However, appeals to freedom and liberalism are often false. Sexual licentiousness is proposed instead of civic liberties. Socialists call themselves liberals. Freedom is limited in modern bureaucratic states (freedom of education, freedom of speech, freedom of religion in the public sphere, economic freedom, influence of citizens on politics).

Keywords:

freedom, liberalism, democracy, limits of freedom, dangers to liberties



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Wojciechowski, M. (2024). Freedom and Social Life. Społeczeństwo, 34(3), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.58324/s.412




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